The Relationship between Resilience Resources and Long-Term Deployment-Related PTSD Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study in Dutch Veterans

Veterans may report PTSD symptoms, years after their deployment. The aim of this study was to examine whether the presence resilience resources before deployment, and potential loss these over time, are associated with risk symptoms five post-deployment. focused on Dutch service members, deployed Afghanistan or Gulf Aden. Pre-deployment (i.e. coping self-efficacy, team cohesion, perceived organizational support) were measured in 2012–2013 (n = 786). Five deployment a follow-up 148) same as well symptoms. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that fewer post-deployment decline predicted PTSD. Low self-efficacy low support time significantly related This therefore provides initial for relationship between resource process veterans